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How the New York Court of Appeals’ Limitation on Martin Act Liability Affects Fund Managers
The Hedge Fund Law Report
July 12, 2018
The Martin Act (“Act”) is New York’s broad “blue sky law.” It has been used extensively by the New York attorney general (“NY AG”) to investigate and combat securities fraud occurring in New York. Although the Act may only be enforced by the NY AG — as there is no private right of action under the Act — it authorizes both criminal and civil charges and, importantly, does not require proof of scienter or reliance to successfully bring a claim. As a result, the Act has been a favored tool of past attorneys general in targeting members of the financial services community. Although not affecting the substance of the Act, a recent decision by the New York Court of Appeals imposed an important new limitation on how the Act can be wielded by the NY AG by holding that New York’s three-year statute of limitations applies to civil enforcement actions brought under the Act, rather than the six-year statute of limitations applicable to common law fraud that the NY AG had argued was applicable. In this article, partner Harry Davis provides background on the Act and its notable uses and discusses the likely consequences the recent ruling will have on the financial services community.
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Alerts
The US Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) have overhauled Form PF and private fund managers have until March 12, 2025, to begin reporting on the new Form. The changes to the reporting requirements mandated by the amendments to the Form (“Form PF Amendments”) will require substantial preparation by many managers.[1]
Alerts
On March 1, 2024, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law an amended version of the New York LLC Transparency Act (“NYLTA”),[1] requiring certain limited liability companies (“LLCs”) formed or authorized to do business in New York (each, a “NY Reporting Company”) to file a beneficial ownership information (“BOI”) report with the NY Department of State (“NY DOS”). Each NY Reporting Company will be required to disclose on its BOI report identifying information pertaining to each individual who directly or indirectly exercises substantial control or owns or controls 25 percent or more of the ownership interests of a NY Reporting Company (each, a “Beneficial Owner”) and the individuals involved in the NY Reporting Company’s formation or registration to do business in New York (each, an “Applicant”). Information reported to NY DOS will be maintained in a private database not accessible to the public. The NYLTA goes into effect on Jan. 1, 2026 and requires the NY DOS to promulgate regulations implementing the legislation.
Alerts
The US Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) have overhauled Form PF and private fund managers have until March 12, 2025, to begin reporting on the new Form. The changes to the reporting requirements mandated by the amendments to the Form (“Form PF Amendments”) will require substantial preparation by many managers.[1]
Alerts
On March 1, 2024, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law an amended version of the New York LLC Transparency Act (“NYLTA”),[1] requiring certain limited liability companies (“LLCs”) formed or authorized to do business in New York (each, a “NY Reporting Company”) to file a beneficial ownership information (“BOI”) report with the NY Department of State (“NY DOS”). Each NY Reporting Company will be required to disclose on its BOI report identifying information pertaining to each individual who directly or indirectly exercises substantial control or owns or controls 25 percent or more of the ownership interests of a NY Reporting Company (each, a “Beneficial Owner”) and the individuals involved in the NY Reporting Company’s formation or registration to do business in New York (each, an “Applicant”). Information reported to NY DOS will be maintained in a private database not accessible to the public. The NYLTA goes into effect on Jan. 1, 2026 and requires the NY DOS to promulgate regulations implementing the legislation.
Alerts
The US Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) have overhauled Form PF and private fund managers have until March 12, 2025, to begin reporting on the new Form. The changes to the reporting requirements mandated by the amendments to the Form (“Form PF Amendments”) will require substantial preparation by many managers.[1]